International Relations (IR) is the study of the interactions among various actors in the international system, primarily states, but also including international organizations, non-governmental organizations, and multinational corporations. It examines how these entities engage with each other through diplomacy, conflict, trade, and collaboration. IR explores the principles governing these relationships, such as power dynamics, security, human rights, and economic interdependence. The field also analyzes global issues such as war, peace, policy-making, and the impact of globalisation on national sovereignty. Various theories, including realism, liberalism, and constructivism, provide frameworks for understanding the complexities of international interactions and the factors that influence state behavior and international outcomes. Overall, International Relations encompasses the rules, norms, and practices that guide the behavior of global actors and the systemic factors that shape those interactions.
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